The Guardian newspaper of London wrote the following article about how Neda Soltani has become the face of the struggle in Iran:
By Robert Tait and Matthew Weaver
Shortly after 5pm on Saturday afternoon, Hamed, an Iranian asylum
seeker in the Netherlands, took a frantic call from a friend in Tehran.
"A
girl has just been killed right next to me," the friend said. It had
all happened quickly. A young woman, chatting on her mobile phone, had
been shot in the chest. She faded before a doctor, who was on the
scene, could do anything to help.
There was more. Hamed's friend,
who does not want to be named, filmed the incident on his phone. Within
moments the footage had landed in Hamed's inbox. Five minutes later it
was on YouTube and Facebook.
Within hours it had become one of the most potent threats faced by the Iranian regime in 30 years.
"He
asked me, is it possible to publish everything right now," Hamed said.
"I published it on YouTube and Facebook and five minutes later it
started to get many emails and messages and it published everywhere.
"It
shocked me very, very much and I was sure at that time everyone in the
world if they see this movie they'll be shocked, and I felt that I must
broadcast it because I try to show to the world what is going on in my
country."
The killing of Neda Soltani, the grisly images of blood
spreading across her face, have become perhaps the defining sequence in
the 10-day uprising against the regime in Tehran, a gruesome
manifestation of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei's threat to use force on the
tens of thousands of people contesting the outcome of the presidential
election.
Soltani is being mythologised as a martyr to the opposition's cause, a rallying call for a protest movement in need of a hero. Her image has been printed on placards brandished during clashes in Tehrantoday.
The
footage is disturbing. Her eyes open, Soltani seems to radiate a
calmness at odds with the panic surrounding her as she lies in the
road after being struck by a bullet.
For the authorities, it was
clearly unsettling. They quickly moved to ban the victim's family from
holding an Islamic funeral, apparently for fear of creating a figure
that could unite and revive the battered opposition.
The details
surrounding Soltani's death are as sketchy as her own story. She was
26, a philosophy student and a part-time travel agent, according to
those who knew her. She was no rock thrower at the vanguard of a
movement for regime change , but, according to her fiance, Caspian
Makan, a young woman who may have ended up in the wrong place at the
wrong time.
Makan said she had been in a car in central Tehran
with her music teacher when they were caught in a traffic jam. He said
the pair had left the car to escape the heat.
It was when she was walking down Karegar Street talking on her phone that the shot rang out.
"Neda's
aim was not Mousavi or Ahmadinejad, her target was her country," Makan
said, adding that although she hadn't planned on demonstrating, she
was sympathetic to the protest movement.
In the footage she is
wearing jeans, white trainers, a dark shirt and a headscarf,
suggesting a middle class and relatively emancipated young woman.
Several
men are shown frantically trying to save her life as blood from her
wounds rapidly develops into a large pool beside her.
Reports
vary on who fired the fatal shot. Some sources suggested it was a Basij
volunteer on a motorcycle, while others have attributed it to a
marksman on the roof of a nearby house.
Others said she may have been targeted because she was using a mobile phone, one of the opposition's most important tools.
Another
video said to be of Soltani, taken just before she was shot, shows her
standing among a crowd of protesters, some of whom are heard chanting
"death to the dictator" and "Allahu Akbar".
Like much of the
footage that has emerged from Tehran in recent days, the authenticity
and circumstances behind the video could not be verified.
But Soltani was quickly lionised by an engaged online community inside and outside Iran. Some have even started writing songs in her memory to accompany the web footage.
One
song, by a singer called Pourang Azad, contains the lyrics: "You left
and thousands of flowers grew, you left and my patience finished … Your
loving look is full of demand. Sleep, sweet lady of Iran."
The
incident has taken on an added poignancy from the meaning of Soltani's
first name. Neda, an Arabic word used more commonly in literary rather
than spoken Farsi, conveys the spiritual meaning of "call" or "voice".
The
authorities are acutely aware of the threat posed to them by her
killing. They only agreed to release her body on condition that her
family agreed to a quick burial on Sunday in the sprawling Behesht-e
Zahra cemetery on the outskirts of Tehran.
A memorial service
planned for the Nilufar mosque in the capital's Abbasabad
neighbourhood was called off after officials expressly forbade it. All
other mosques in the Tehran area have been warned against holding
services in her memory.
But that may not be enough to stop
Soltani becoming a martyr, a status revered in Shia Islam, the dominant
sect in Iran. Under the creed, mourning ceremonies are held for the
dead on the third, seventh and 40th days after their passing.
During
the unrest that presaged that 1979 Islamic revolution, processions on
the 40th day of mourning for fallen protesters became landmarks that
created the momentum to topple the shah's regime.
